Mount Rushmore
Four colossal presidential faces carved into a granite cliff in the South Dakota Black Hills.
Overview
Mount Rushmore National Memorial is one of America's most monumental works of sculpture: the 18-meter-high faces of four U.S. presidents — George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt, and Abraham Lincoln — carved into a granite cliff in the Black Hills of South Dakota. Created between 1927 and 1941 under sculptor Gutzon Borglum, the carving was blasted and chiseled from the mountain by hundreds of workers using dynamite and pneumatic drills.
The four presidents were chosen to represent the nation's birth, growth, development, and preservation. The memorial draws around two million visitors a year to the Black Hills, though it sits on land sacred to the Lakota Sioux and seized in violation of treaty, making it a monument layered with both grandeur and unresolved history. The nearby Crazy Horse Memorial is being carved in response.
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